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Office Ergonomics
Glossary

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A

acute
Having a sudden onset, sharp rise, and short course.
administrative controls
Controls that make changes in the work practices by adjusting work practices, procedures, and management policies. Specific examples include rest breaks, alternative tasks, slower work pace, and redesign.

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B

bones
Dense, calciferous parts that provide structural support and are connected to one another at joints, which allow movement between body segments.

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C

carpal tunnel syndrome
A condition caused by compression of a nerve where it passes through the wrist into the hand and characterized especially by weakness, pain, and disturbances of sensation in the hand.
cartilage
A type of connective tissue that provides the joints with low friction surfaces to help with movement.
chronic
Marked by long duration of frequent recurrence.

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E

engineering controls
Controls that reduce or eliminate the condition by modifying or redesigning workstations, environmental conditions (e.g., lighting, temperature), tools (e.g., those that reduce vibrations, fit the hands comfortably), processes, materials, equipment (forklift, backhoe, trucks), or facilities.
ergonomics
The science of adjusting job conditions, equipment, and tasks to match the body's natural ways of functioning.

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L

ligaments and tendons
Ligaments connect bone to bone and provide stability at the joints, while tendons attach muscles to the bone.

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M

MSD
See musculoskeletal disorder.
muscles
Fibrous tissue that can contract and shorten, causing movement, or just contract to provide stability.
musculoskeletal disorder
Abbreviated as MSD, a disorder of the muscles, nerves, tendons, ligaments, joints, cartilage, or spinal discs.

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R

risk factor
Examples include force, awkward posture, repetition, vibration, contact stress, twisting and carrying loads, wrist deviations, lifting bulky loads, machine-paced work, and working in the cold.

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